The publish/subscribe model has gained prominence in the Internet of things (IoT) network. and both Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) and Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) support it. However. existing coverage-based fuzzers may miss some paths when fuzzing such publish/subscribe protocols. https://www.bekindtopets.com/flash-deal-Cat-Punch-Ball-Toy-with-Scratch-Base-on-sale/